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新托福(IBT)写作——OG官方评分标准及中文解析
2018 年 04 月 20 日
来源：朗播网
摘要：本文为新托福考试写作评分标准（TOEFL iBT Test--Writing Section Rubrics）官方英文版全文及中文版的扼要翻译，分为综合写作(Integrated Writing) 和独立写作(Independant Writing) 两部分的评分标准。新托福写作评分标准一共分为六个等级，从 0 分到 5 分满分。相信小编的整理将助力你整体的托福写作备考。
## **新TOEFL综合写作评分细则**
#### Score：5
A response at this level successfully selects the important information from the lecture and coherently and accurately presents this information in relation to the relevant information presented in the reading. The response is well organized, and occasional language errors that are present do not result in inaccurate or imprecise presentation of content or connections.
能够抓住讲座中的重要信息，并连贯准确地结合阅读中的相关信息进行表达; 结构清晰，偶尔出现的语言错误并不影响内容和观点的准确表达。
#### Score：4
A response at this level is generally good in selecting the important information from the lecture and in coherently and accurately presenting this information in relation to the relevant information in the reading, but it may have minor omission, inaccuracy, vagueness, or imprecision of some content from the lecture or in connection to points made in the reading. A response is also scored at this level if it has more frequent or noticeable minor language errors, as long as such usage and grammatical structures do not result in anything more than an occasional lapse of clarity or in the connection of ideas.
总体上能够很好地选择讲座中的重要信息，并连贯准确地结合阅读中的相关信息进行表达。但是在从讲座中选择材料和联系阅读中的论点时存在次要的信息遗漏、不准确或是意思含混不清。得此分数的另一种情况是，作文中存在较频繁或者明显的次要语言错误，但是这些错误用法和语法结构只停留在表达清晰度或是论点联系方面的偶尔错误。
#### Score：3
A response at this level contains some important information from the lecture and conveys some relevant connection to the reading, but it is marked by one or more of the following:
1) Although the overall response is definitely oriented to the task, it conveys only vague, global, unclear, or somewhat imprecise connection of the points made in the lecture to points made in the reading.
2) The response may omit one major key point made in the lecture.
3) Some key points made in the lecture or the reading, or connections between the two, may be incomplete, inaccurate, or imprecise.
4) Errors of usage and/or grammar may be more frequent or may result in noticeably vague expressions or obscured meanings in conveying ideas and connections.
包括了讲座中的重要信息并表达了和阅读文章的相关联系，但是却存在以下问题：尽管总体上按照任务要求写，但是在联系讲座和阅读的论点方面表达模糊、笼统，缺乏细节，不是很准确;遗漏了讲座中的关键论点;没有完整、清晰、准确地论述一些讲座或是阅读中的关键论点或是表达讲座和阅读的联系;用词和/或语法错误较频繁，导致较明显的意思表达不清或是在表达论点和联系时意思模糊。
#### Score：2
A response at this level contains some relevant information from the lecture, but is marked by significant language difficulties or by significant omission or inaccuracy of important ideas from the lecture or in the connections between the lecture and the reading; a response at this level is marked by one or more of the following:
1) The response significantly misrepresents or completely omits the overall connection between the lecture and reading.
2) The response significantly omits or significantly misrepresents important points made in the lecture.
3) The response contains language errors or expressions that largely obscure connections or meaning at key junctures，or that would likely obscure understanding of key ideas for a reader not already familiar with the reading and the lecture.
包括了讲座中的相关信息，但是却存在严重的语言表达困难，或在表达讲座内容以及阐述讲座和阅读内容联系方面存在重要论点的表达不准确或遗漏。具体问题有：严重曲解了或是完全遗漏了讲座和阅读的联系; 严重遗漏或曲解演讲中的重要信息; 语言和表达错误严重影响了讲座和阅读的联系或是关键信息的意思。
#### Score: 1
A response at this level is marked by one or more of the following:
1) The response provides little or no meaningful or relevant coherent content from the lecture.
2) The language level of the response is so low that it is difficult to derive meaning.
几乎没有提供有意义的或是相对连贯的讲座内容; 语言水平很低，词不达意。
#### Score: 0
A response at this level merely copies sentences from the reading，rejects the topic or is otherwise not connected to the topic, is written in a foreign language, consists of keystroke characters, or is blank.
仅仅是从阅读中抄句子，拒绝针对话题写作，或所写和话题根本无关系，或用其他语言写作，或文中只包括无意义的键盘符号，或是什么也不写。
## 新TOEFL写作独立任务评分细则
#### Score：5
An essay at this level largely accomplishes all of the following:
1）Effectively addresses the topic and task
2）Is well organized and well developed, using clearly appropriate explanations, exemplifications, and/or details
3）Displays unity, progression, and coherence
4）Displays consistent facility in the use of language, demonstrating syntactic variety, appropriate word choice, and idiomaticity, though it may have minor lexical or grammatical errors
文章切题，阐说充分，文章有说服力;段落组织有序，衔接紧密，过渡自然，有很强的逻辑性;段落内句与句连接顺畅，句式使用恰当，灵活，娴熟;用词确切，得体。文章中有个别语法拼写错误，但不影响内容表达。
#### Score：4
An essay at this level largely accomplishes all of the following:
1）Addresses the topic and task well, though some points may not be fully elaborated
2）Is generally well organized and well developed, using appropriate and sufficient explanations, exemplifi-cations, and/or details
3）Displays unity, progression, and coherence, though it may contain occasional redundancy, digression, or unclear connections
4）Displays facility in the use of language, demonstrating syntactic variety and range of vocabulary, though it will probably have occasional noticeable minor errors in structure, word form, or use of idiom-atic language that do not interfere with meaning
文章切题，阐说基本充分，在某些细节上有缺陷。段落层次组织有序，衔接紧密，过渡自然，逻辑性强;句间连接顺畅，句式使用恰当，灵活;用词基本得体。文章中有少量用词不当和语法拼写错误。
#### Score：3
A response at this level contains some important information from the lecture and conveys some relevant connection to the reading, but it is marked by one or more of the following:
1) Although the overall response is definitely oriented to the task, it conveys only vague, global, unclear, or somewhat imprecise connection of the points made in the lecture to points made in the reading.
2) The response may omit one major key point made in the lecture.
3) Some key points made in the lecture or the reading, or connections between the two, may be incomplete, inaccurate, or imprecise.
4) Errors of usage and/or grammar may be more frequent or may result in noticeably vague expressions or obscured meanings in conveying ideas and connections.
文章切题，阐说尚可，展开不够。段落层次组织有序，衔接紧密，过渡自然，有逻辑性;句间连接基本顺畅;有部分句法错误;用词一般，有时不得体。词性区分和拼写等有若干错误。
#### Score：2
An essay at this level is marked by one or more of the following:
1）Addresses the topic and task using somewhat developed explanations, exemplifications, and/or details
2）Displays unity, progression, and coherence, though connection of ideas may be occasionally obscured
3）May demonstrate inconsistent facility in sentence formation and word choice that may result in lack of clarity and occasionally obscure meaning
4）May display accurate, but limited range of syntactic structures and vocabulary
文章切题，段落组织基本合理，有逻辑性，但只存在于语义层次上，语言表达上未能体现;句子框架结构基本成立，但有许多语法错误，句间联系不顺畅，往往是不善于使用逻辑连词，显得幼稚，生硬。词汇方面拼写错误多，常有用词不得体现象。
#### Score: 1
An essay at this level is seriously flawed by one or more of the following weaknesses:
1）Serious disorganization or underdevelopment
2）Little or no detail, or irrelevant specifics, or questionable responsiveness to the task
3）Serious and frequent errors in sentence structure or usage
文章切题。阐说没有展开，只限于三言两语地回答问题;没有段落组织，很乱，长度很短，只有一段;句子排列有一定的逻辑关系，能看出各句基本框架，但结构或语法错误较多;用词不得体，拼写错误多。
#### Score: 0
An essay at this level merely copies words from the topic, rejects the topic, or is otherwise not con-nected to the topic, is written in a foreign language, consists of keystroke characters, or is blank.
文章各方面都有严重错误，句子不像句子。总体印象是根本没有写作能力，英语水平太低，达不到一分标准，只能打最低分。
以上就是新托福考试写作评分标准（TOEFL iBT Test--Writing Section Rubrics）官方英文版全文及中文版的扼要翻译，对托福写作的综合写作和独立写作备考具有极强针对性，请务必仔细阅读。
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